Modalities / Family Systems

FBT / Maudsley

Lock / Le Grange · 1985
Key text: Treatment Manual for AN (2nd ed, 2013)
Family Systems Focus: Systemic + Behavioral 6-12 months Family

Core Mechanism

Empowered parents take charge of refeeding; externalization separates illness from identity; control gradually returns to adolescent

Ontology

Anorexia as an illness requiring parental intervention (agnostic about cause); adolescent cannot recover alone

Therapeutic Voice

"Your job right now is to make sure your daughter eats. This isn't about blame — it's about her survival."

View of the Person

An ill adolescent who cannot recover alone — parental empowerment is necessary and non-blaming


Evidence

NICE: recommended for adolescent anorexia (NG69)

10+ RCTs

Multiple meta-analyses

Gold standard for adolescent anorexia. Very strong evidence.

Eating Disorders
Effect: d = 0.75
~40-50% full remission (AN)
Lock et al., 2010; NICE 2017 (2017)

Conditions

Epistemology

Empiricist

Blind Spots

Requires highly involved parents; etiology-agnostic stance can frustrate families seeking understanding; narrow to eating disorders

Contraindications

Families unable to participate in meal supervision, active domestic violence in the home, patient with severe comorbid conditions requiring separate treatment (e.g., active psychosis), families where the eating disorder serves a protective function in family system


Training

FBT training workshop (2-3 days) + supervised cases. Comfort with families and ED medical monitoring required

Various training centers; no single body

16-24 hrs + supervised cases

$1K-3K

Equity & Cultural Adaptations

Youth-adapted

Philosophical Roots

Pragmatism (agnostic about etiology — just refeed); family systems (externalization); medical model (anorexia as illness requiring parental intervention); anti-blame stance

Related Modalities


Clinical Vignettes

See how FBT / Maudsley formulates these cases:

Test Yourself

What is 'agnostic about cause' in FBT?

Show answer

Deliberately avoids blaming families — focuses on empowering parents to refeed.


Sources