Modalities / Family Systems

FFT

Alexander / Parsons · 1973
Key text: Functional Family Therapy (2013)
Family Systems Focus: Systemic + Behavioral Short (12-14) Family

Core Mechanism

Reframing family interactions + improving communication + building problem-solving disrupts cycles maintaining youth antisocial behavior

Ontology

Youth behavioral problems maintained by family interaction patterns and lack of protective relational processes

Therapeutic Voice

"Let's practice having this conversation differently. Instead of blaming, can you start with how you feel?"

View of the Person

A youth whose behavior serves a function within the family system and can be redirected through systemic intervention


Evidence

SAMHSA: listed. Blueprints: Model Plus

10+ RCTs

Included in family therapy meta-analyses

Strong evidence for juvenile offending and substance use.


Conditions

Epistemology

EmpiricistPragmatist

Blind Spots

Requires family engagement — ineffective when family is unavailable or actively harmful; juvenile-justice focused

Contraindications

Families unable or unwilling to participate, active domestic violence, family members with active psychosis who cannot engage in communication training, active untreated substance dependence in primary caregivers


Training

Organizational adoption required. Multi-phase training + ongoing consultation + fidelity monitoring

FFT LLC — organizational model

Initial training + weekly consultation + fidelity reviews

Organizational licensing

Equity & Cultural Adaptations

Youth-adapted

Philosophical Roots

Bronfenbrenner (ecological systems); Alexander (functional family therapy model); Haley/Minuchin (structural-strategic); social learning theory

Related Modalities


Clinical Vignettes

See how FFT formulates these cases:

Test Yourself

Three phases of FFT?

Show answer

Engagement/motivation, behavior change, generalization.


Sources

Alexander, J.F. & Parsons, B.V. (2013). Functional Family Therapy: Clinical Model. Routledge.