Modalities / Integrative

IPT

Klerman / Weissman · 1984
Key text: IPT of Depression (1984)
Integrative Focus: Relational + Skill Short (12-16) Individual

Core Mechanism

Improving interpersonal functioning in one of four problem areas (grief, disputes, transitions, deficits) alleviates depression

Ontology

Depression occurs in an interpersonal context; improving relationships and social roles improves mood

Therapeutic Voice

"It sounds like this grief hasn't had a place to go since your mother died. Let's make room for it here."

View of the Person

A social being whose depression occurs in and is maintained by interpersonal context


Evidence

NICE: recommended for depression. APA: Strong. WHO: recommended

80+ RCTs

Cuijpers et al. (2011, 2016)

Very strong evidence — alongside CBT, one of two most-supported treatments for depression.

Depression & Mood Disorders
Effect: d = 0.63
~50-60% response
Cuijpers et al., 2011 (2011)

Conditions

Epistemology

EmpiricistPragmatist

Blind Spots

Focused scope (4 problem areas) may miss broader personality patterns; less suited for complex or chronic presentations

Contraindications

Active psychosis, severe personality disorders requiring longer-term treatment, situations where interpersonal focus does not match the primary clinical presentation (e.g., OCD)


Training

IPT training workshop (2-3 days) + supervised cases. Well-manualized

ISIPT offers certification

16-24 hrs + supervised cases

$1K-3K

Equity & Cultural Adaptations

Cross-cultural adaptationsOlder adult-adapted

Philosophical Roots

Sullivan (interpersonal psychiatry — personality is the pattern of interpersonal situations); Meyer (psychobiology); Durkheim (social integration and anomie); Bowlby (attachment/loss)

Related Modalities


Clinical Vignettes

See how IPT formulates these cases:

Test Yourself

IPT's four problem areas?

Show answer

Complicated grief, role disputes, role transitions, interpersonal deficits.


Sources