Insomnia & Sleep Disorders

Persistent difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, early morning awakening, or nonrestorative sleep that impairs daytime functioning. Includes insomnia disorder, circadian rhythm disorders, and sleep disturbances secondary to anxiety, depression, PTSD, or chronic pain. One of the most common complaints in primary care and therapy.

Prevalence: ~10-15% chronic insomnia; ~30% intermittent insomnia symptoms in US adults

5 Therapeutic Approaches

Sorted by evidence tier: guideline-recommended first, then RCT-supported, then emerging/limited evidence.

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